Male reproductive health issues: Classifications, reasons, remedies, and additional details
Male sexual dysfunction is a common issue that affects numerous men, encompassing several distinct disorders. This article aims to provide an overview of the most common types of male sexual dysfunction, their causes, and potential treatments.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common sexual problem reported to healthcare professionals, affecting around 30 million males. It is characterised by the recurring inability to achieve or maintain an erection that is hard enough for sexual intercourse. ED can be caused by physical factors such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological conditions (e.g., multiple sclerosis), or psychological issues like anxiety. Treatment options include oral medications such as phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil/Viagra, tadalafil/Cialis), penile injections (e.g., alprostadil), vacuum erection devices, penile implants (surgical), and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, exercise, and managing stress.
Premature Ejaculation (PE)
Premature ejaculation (PE) involves ejaculating sooner than desired during sexual activity, often leading to dissatisfaction. This condition affects around 1 in 3 males aged 18-59 and is usually a psychological issue. Treatments may include behavioral techniques, counseling, and sometimes medication to delay ejaculation.
Delayed Ejaculation
Delayed ejaculation is difficulty or inability to ejaculate even after prolonged sexual stimulation. This condition may occur due to certain medications, alcohol and drug use, injury or surgery to the pelvis or genitals, hormonal conditions, multiple sclerosis, nerve damage, stress or tiredness, or aging. Management can involve psychological counseling and addressing underlying medical or medication causes.
Loss of Libido
Loss of libido, or low sex drive, is a reduced interest in sexual activity. It can be caused by hormonal imbalances (e.g., low testosterone), psychological conditions such as depression, or chronic illnesses. Treatment strategies may include hormone replacement therapy, counseling, and lifestyle improvements.
Additional treatments often involve a combination approach tailored to the individual's health profile, including medication, psychological therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), couples therapy, stress management, and lifestyle modifications for best outcomes.
It is essential for anyone experiencing symptoms of sexual dysfunction to seek help from a doctor or other healthcare professional. Resources such as Planned Parenthood, The American Society for Reproductive Medicine, and The American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors, and Therapists can also be helpful.
In some cases, relationship issues may contribute to sexual dysfunction. In such cases, open communication and engaging in other sexual or non-sexual activities can be beneficial for couples experiencing desire discrepancy. If relationship issues are a factor, it may be helpful to talk with a partner for emotional support or consider seeing a relationship or sex therapist.
Remember, maintaining a healthy lifestyle through a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management, keeping any existing health conditions under control, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, and considering psychotherapy if a mental health issue is affecting sexual function or enjoyment can help prevent sexual dysfunction.
[1] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Erectile dysfunction. [online] Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/erectile-dysfunction/symptoms-causes/syc-20369320
[2] NHS. (2021). Premature ejaculation. [online] Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/premature-ejaculation/
[3] ACSM. (2021). Delayed ejaculation. [online] Available at: https://www.acsm.org/health-fitness/health-wellness/health-management/sexual-health/delayed-ejaculation
[4] AAFP. (2021). Low libido. [online] Available at: https://familydoctor.org/condition/low-libido/
[5] Cleveland Clinic. (2021). Male sexual dysfunction. [online] Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15153-male-sexual-dysfunction
- Other sexual health concerns in men besides ED and PE include delayed ejaculation, loss of libido, and health conditions affecting mental health, such as anxiety and depression.
- Mental health conditions might contribute to male sexual dysfunction, and techniques like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBD) could be beneficial in managing these issues.
- Struggling with a chronic medical condition like diabetes or cardiovascular disease can lead to male sexual dysfunction, making it necessary to keep such conditions under control to maintain sexual health.
- Health and wellness habits such as maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management can help prevent various types of male sexual dysfunction.
- If relationship issues seem to be a factor in sexual dysfunction, engaging in open communication or seeking help from a relationship or sex therapist can be helpful for both partners.
- It is important for men to seek professional advice from a doctor or healthcare professional when experiencing symptoms of sexual dysfunction, and organizations like Planned Parenthood and The American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors, and Therapists can provide valuable resources and support.
