FH: The Silent Genetic Cholesterol Disorder Affecting 1 in 313
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a genetic disorder, is causing concern worldwide. It affects 1 in 313 people, with higher prevalence among those of European descent and specific ethnic groups like Afrikaner, Ashkenazi Jewish, Finnish, French Canadian, or Lebanese descent. FH significantly increases the risk of heart disease at a young age, including heart attacks and strokes.
FH is caused by inheriting one or more of three known genes, leading to high levels of LDL and total cholesterol. Diagnosis involves a physical exam, blood tests for cholesterol levels, considering family history, and genetic tests. Severe forms are rare in Germany, affecting about 1 person per million inhabitants. Early diagnosis and treatment, including lifestyle changes and medication like statins, can significantly reduce heart disease risk.
Treatment is crucial as complications of FH include heart attacks at an early age, severe heart disease, and strokes. FH is generally more severe than non-genetic hypercholesterolemia, with higher cholesterol levels and heart disease at a younger age. Genetic counseling before conception can help prevent FH in future children.
FH, the most common inherited form of high cholesterol, poses a significant health risk. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent heart disease and reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Understanding family history and seeking genetic counseling can help manage this disorder effectively.
