Feline Keratitis Discussed in Veterinary Article
Eosinophilic keratitis, a common eye condition in cats, is often caused by an autoimmune reaction triggered by underlying viral infections such as feline herpesvirus. This condition leads to an abnormal proliferation and invasion of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, into the cornea, resulting in chronic inflammation.
Causes and Diagnosis
Feline herpesvirus infection is a likely trigger, causing a chronic inflammatory response in the eye. It is considered an immune-mediated disease where the cat's immune system attacks the corneal tissue. Throat or eye swabs can help diagnose herpesvirus infection. Tear-production tests may also be conducted to diagnose keratitis.
Treatment
Management of eosinophilic keratitis typically involves immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory therapy to reduce eosinophil infiltration and corneal inflammation. Topical steroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used. Antiviral medications may be used concurrently if feline herpesvirus is involved to control viral replication and reduce flare-ups. In severe cases, oral antivirals and injectable steroids may be required, or for cats who refuse topical treatment.
In ulcerative keratitis, an Elizabethan collar or plastic collar is used to prevent further injury, and antibiotic drops are given to prevent infection. Medicated eye drops containing steroids or other immune-suppressants may help to reverse the invasion of eosinophils. Contact lenses may also be used to provide a bandage for the eye.
Cost and Prevention
The cost of treating keratitis in a cat can vary, with a simple case costing $100-$200, and a complicated case costing $750-$1000. Choosing kittens with a reliable vaccination history can make it less likely that they suffer from herpesvirus, making non-ulcerative keratitis less likely. Keeping flat-faced cats indoors when they're very young may help to prevent ulcerative keratitis.
Veterinary Examination
During an examination, a veterinarian may scrape at the surface of the eye to examine cells under a microscope. They may also examine a cat's cornea using natural light and a light source, and apply fluorescein dye to the eye. If the cat has an ulcer, the dye gets caught in the ulcer, highlighting the extent, depth, and size of the damage.
Recognizing and Treating Keratitis
Recognizing the signs and promptly following treatment directions can help prevent complications in cats with keratitis. Treating keratitis in cats usually requires topical medications in the form of eye drops. In severe cases, surgery may be used to remove damaged portions of the cornea or repair the damage.
Prompt veterinary ophthalmology consultation is recommended for diagnosis and tailored therapy. Further examination may be necessary for cats with recurrent ulcers or non-ulcerative keratitis. Cat eye lubrication and pain relief may also be given.
Scientists studying health-and-wellness in cats might investigate the connection between feline herpesvirus infections and the chronic inflammatory response that leads to eosinophilic keratitis, a common eye condition. To diagnose and manage this condition, veterinarians may use a combination of treatments such as immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory therapy, antiviral medications, or even surgery, emphasizing the crucial role of science in health-and-wellness for our feline friends.
