Eating Disorder: Signs, Origins, and Remedies for Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that results in severe weight loss. This condition is characterised by a preoccupation with calorie intake and weight, and a fear of gaining weight.
The exact cause of anorexia nervosa isn't known, but it may be linked to negative body image, a focus on being "perfect", and a desire to control one's life. Genetics and hormones might also have an effect on its development.
Pressure from society to look thin and unrealistic body images from media outlets can contribute to the development of anorexia nervosa. People with anorexia nervosa eat an extremely low calorie diet and have an excessive fear of gaining weight.
Your primary care provider will perform a physical exam and psychological exam to diagnose anorexia nervosa, checking for criteria such as food intake restriction, fear of gaining weight, and problems with body image. Other laboratory tests may be ordered to rule out other possible causes for weight loss, such as celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Blood tests may be ordered to check electrolyte levels, liver and kidney function, bone density, and look for heart irregularities.
The main goal of treatment for anorexia nervosa is to restore the body to a normal weight and establish normal eating habits. Cognitive behavioral therapy is often used to treat anorexia nervosa, with the goal of helping change unhealthy thoughts and behaviors. A dietitian will help learn how to eat properly as part of treatment.
Family therapy gets family members involved in keeping the person with anorexia nervosa on track with their healthy eating and lifestyle. Group therapy allows people with anorexia nervosa to interact with others who have the same disorder, but it can sometimes lead to competition to be the thinnest. Joining a support group for anorexia can help increase the likelihood of recovery.
It's important to note that many people with anorexia nervosa may not believe they have a problem, making treatment difficult. While there is no medication at this time that is proven to treat anorexia nervosa, antidepressants may be prescribed to deal with the anxiety and depression common in those with anorexia.
The background of anorexia nervosa in men involves a complex interplay of biological (genetic), psychological, and environmental (familial, cultural) factors. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, low self-esteem, negative self-concept, anxiety, compulsive personality traits, and insecure attachment patterns. In men, particular vulnerabilities include muscle dysmorphia (fear of not being muscular enough), low self-worth, perfectionism, social comparison, and the influence of fitness culture and social media, which can lead to rigid exercise behaviors and distorted body image.
While dealing with anorexia nervosa can be challenging, understanding the condition and seeking appropriate treatment can lead to recovery. If you or someone you know is struggling with anorexia nervosa, it's important to seek help from a healthcare professional.
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