Dovato Adverse Reactions: A Comprehensive Guide on Identification and Mitigation Strategies
In the ongoing fight against HIV, Dovato (dolutegravir/lamivudine) has emerged as a popular treatment option for certain adults due to its favourable safety profile and effectiveness. However, understanding the long-term side effects of this medication is crucial for maintaining health and wellbeing.
Common Side Effects
While not specific to Dovato alone, similar integrase inhibitor treatments report mild side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, and headache, typically occurring early and often resolving with continued use. Common side effects of Dovato include diarrhea, insomnia, fatigue, headache, and nausea.
Serious Side Effects
There is little indication of severe long-term toxicity from Dovato, but patients with pre-existing lamivudine or dolutegravir resistance are not suitable candidates for this regimen. Serious side effects of Dovato include liver problems, depression or suicidal thoughts, lactic acidosis, immune reconstitution syndrome, risk of worsening hepatitis B, risk of hepatitis B virus that's resistant to certain drugs, and severe allergic reaction.
Allergic Reactions
Dovato may cause an allergic reaction in some people, but it's unknown whether this side effect was reported in clinical trials. Symptoms of a mild allergic reaction to Dovato can include skin rash, itching, flushing, swelling under the skin, and swelling of the mouth, tongue, or throat. Severe symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the mouth, tongue, or throat that makes it hard to breathe, should be treated as a medical emergency and require immediate attention by calling 911 or your local emergency number.
Depression and Suicidal Thoughts
On the other hand, Dovato may cause depression or suicidal thoughts to occur, while Biktarvy isn't known to cause these side effects. Symptoms of depression or suicidal thoughts caused by Dovato can include a feeling of hopelessness or sadness, not participating in activities one used to enjoy, difficulty sleeping or sleeping more than usual, weight loss or weight gain. If you have concerns about these side effects, talk to your doctor right away.
Hepatitis B Considerations
Lamivudine is active against hepatitis B virus, and stopping Dovato can cause hepatitis B flare-ups. Thus, liver monitoring might be necessary if treatment stops. Dovato may increase the risk of developing hepatitis B that's resistant to certain drugs.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Dovato should not be taken during pregnancy as it may harm a developing fetus. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss with your doctor before taking Dovato. They can recommend other treatment options. It is not recommended to breastfeed if you have HIV as the HIV infection can pass from breast milk to a breastfed child. In addition, the active drugs in Dovato (dolutegravir and lamivudine) are present in breast milk. If you have questions about breastfeeding during Dovato treatment, talk with your doctor.
Managing Side Effects
If nausea from Dovato is severe or bothersome, consult your doctor or pharmacist for recommendations. Taking Dovato with food may help decrease nausea. If you experience headaches during Dovato treatment, discuss with your doctor or pharmacist for potential solutions. If you experience changes in your body weight during treatment with Dovato, discuss with your doctor. They can help determine what may be causing your weight changes and the best ways to manage them.
In summary, long-term side effects of Dovato tend to be minimal and tolerable, with careful monitoring advised for resistance development and hepatitis B status. The regimen's safety profile makes it a favourable option for many HIV patients. If you develop serious side effects while taking Dovato, call your doctor right away. If the side effects seem life-threatening or you think you're having a medical emergency, immediately call 911 or your local emergency number.
