Connection Between Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Identified Links and Risk Factors
There's a solid link between breast and ovarian cancer, chiefly due to shared genetic factors. People with corresponding risk factors might have a higher risk of developing both cancers.
The connection becomes stronger for those carrying mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes — popular genes related to inherited breast and ovarian cancer. Approximately 70-85% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer cases are linked to mutations in these genes[1][3][4]. Besides BRCA1 and BRCA2, mutations in less widespread genes like TP53, PTEN, CDH1, ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2 can also boost the risk of breast and ovarian cancer[5].
Breast and ovarian cancer sharing other risk factors include family history, age, reproductive factors, diet, and exercise. A substantial family history of breast or ovarian cancer can indicate a higher risk due to potential hereditary genetic mutations[3]. A younger start to menstruation and later menopause can increase the risk of breast cancer, while never having children or having children at an older age can increase ovarian cancer risk[4]. While lifestyle factors are less directly associated with hereditary risks, a healthy diet and regular exercise are generally recommended to reduce overall cancer risk[5].
For individuals with a notable family history, genetic testing and counseling are vital. Genetic testing can help identify genetic risks and guide preventive measures[3]. It is essential to note that women of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry have a heightened risk of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations[3].
As for hormonal factors, hormone replacement therapy and certain hormonal conditions can impact cancer risk[4].
With all these factors in mind, managing and understanding the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer becomes crucial. Genetic mutations, particularly in BRCA1 and BRCA2, are significant risk factors, while lifestyle choices can influence overall cancer risk. Stay vigilant, consult your healthcare provider, and take proactive steps for your health.
- The shared genetic factors between breast and ovarian cancer increase the risk for individuals with corresponding risk factors.
- Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, often linked to inherited breast and ovarian cancer, are responsible for 70-85% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer cases.
- Other risk factors for both breast and ovarian cancer include family history, age, reproductive factors, diet, and exercise.
- A substantial family history of breast or ovarian cancer can indicate a higher risk due to potential genetic mutations.
- Genetic testing and counseling are essential for individuals with a notable family history, as they can help identify genetic risks and guide preventive measures.
- Living with knowledge about hormonal factors, such as hormone replacement therapy and certain hormonal conditions, can also inform cancer risk management, contributing to overall health-and-wellness and women's health, especially during menopause.
