Angioplasty and Stent Placement: Lifesaving Procedures for Heart Conditions
Cardiologists often perform angioplasty and stent placement to treat atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. These procedures, pioneered by Dr. Andreas Gruentzig in 1977, can alleviate angina and are even used in emergency situations like heart attacks.
The process begins with a small incision in the groin, where a catheter is inserted. This catheter, guided by X-ray imaging, reaches the blocked artery. A tiny balloon at the catheter's tip is then inflated to widen the artery. Once the artery is open, a small wire-mesh tube, known as a stent, is placed to keep it open. Some stents are coated in medication, called drug-eluting stents, to prevent the artery from closing again.
Preparation for the procedure may involve stopping certain medications, quitting smoking, and following doctor's instructions. After the procedure, patients may experience soreness and be prescribed blood-thinning medication. An overnight stay in the hospital is usually required. Upon returning home, patients should drink plenty of fluids, restrict physical activity, and follow their doctor's instructions. Risks associated with these procedures include allergic reactions, breathing problems, bleeding, blood clots, heart attack, infection, and re-narrowing of the artery.
Angioplasty and stent placement are vital procedures in treating heart conditions. They can alleviate symptoms and even save lives in emergency situations. However, like any medical procedure, they carry certain risks. Patients should discuss these with their healthcare provider and follow their instructions for a successful recovery.
